"Thomas Edison's greatest challenge was the development of a practical incandescent, electric light. Contrary to popular belief, he didn't "invent" the light bulb, but rather he improved upon a 50-year-old idea. In 1879, using lower current electricity, a small carbonized filament, and an improved vacuum inside the globe, he was able to produce a reliable, long-lasting source of light. The idea of electric lighting was not new, and a number of people had worked on, and even developed forms of electric lighting. But up to that time, nothing had been developed that was remotely practical for home use. Edison's eventual achievement was inventing not just an incandescent electric light, but also an electric lighting system that contained all the elements necessary to make the incandescent light practical, safe, and economical. After one and a half years of work, success was achieved when an incandescent lamp with a filament of carbonized sewing thread burned for thirteen and a half hours.
Before Edison could make his millions, every one of these elements had to be invented and then, through careful trial and error, developed into practical, reproducible components. The first public demonstration of the Thomas Edison's incandescent lighting system was in December 1879, when the Menlo Park laboratory complex was electrically lighted. Edison spent the next several years creating the electric industry.
The modern electric utility industry began in the 1880s. It evolved from gas and electric carbon-arc commercial and street lighting systems. On September 4, 1882, the first commercial power station, located on Pearl Street in lower Manhattan, went into operation providing light and electricity power to customers in a one square mile area; the electric age had begun. Thomas Edison's Pearl Street electricity generating station introduced four key elements of a modern electric utility system. It featured reliable central generation, efficient distribution, a successful end use (in 1882, the light bulb), and a competitive price. A model of efficiency for its time, Pearl Street used one-third the fuel of its predecessors, burning about 10 pounds of coal per kilowatt hour, a "heat rate" equivalent of about 138,000 Btu per kilowatt hour. Initially the Pearl Street utility served 59 customers for about 24 cents per kilowatt hour. In the late 1880s, power demand for electric motors brought the industry from mainly nighttime lighting to 24-hour service and dramatically raised electricity demand for transportation and industry needs. By the end of the 1880s, small central stations dotted many U.S. cities; each was limited to a few blocks area because of transmission inefficiencies of direct current (dc).
The success of his electric light brought Thomas Edison to new heights of fame and wealth, as electricity spread around the world. His various electric companies continued to grow until in 1889 they were brought together to form Edison General Electric. Despite the use of Edison in the company title however, he never controlled this company. The tremendous amount of capital needed to develop the incandescent lighting industry had necessitated the involvement of investment bankers such as J.P. Morgan. When Edison General Electric merged with its leading competitor Thompson-Houston in 1892, Edison was dropped from the name, and the company became simply General Electric.
To celebrate National Engineers Week (Feb 15-Feb 21) and the 125th anniversary of the IEEE as an organization of electrical and electronics engineers, the Engineering Library created an exhibit highlighting the early founders of IEEE (Edison, Bell, Marconi) and the Stanford IEEE Fellows and IEEE Award Recipients. As part of the "Stanford Salutes IEEE" exhibit, the Engineering Library also featured the 2009 Dream Jobs issue of IEEE Spectrum. Three speakers from this issue were featured at an IEEE Stanford Student chapter event on Feb 19th, 2009. United States Mint Director Henrietta Holsman Fore traveled today to Greenfield Village, the historic site that recreates Thomas Edison’s renowned Menlo Park Laboratory, to begin sales of the Thomas Alva Edison Commemorative Coin, on the 157th anniversary of the great inventor’s birth. Surcharge proceeds from the sale of these coins are authorized to benefit eight organizations, including The Henry Ford’s Greenfield Village in Dearborn. Greenfield Village was became tthe first place in the Nation where the coins were available for purchase. The silver dollars commemorate the 125th anniversary of Edison’s invention of the incandescent light bulb.
It’s our pride and worthy of respect to have the mint coin of one US$ in our museum dedicated to 125th anniversary of the great inventor of electric lamp Mr. Edison T.A.
In & on behalf of IPPro
Mr. Samir Rahman, International Department Manager 
